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Subdivisions of the French Periods Early Renaissance (1484-1547) Transitional from Gothic to Renaissance Middle Renaissance (1547-1589) Gradual elimination of Gothic forms Late Renaissance (1589-1643) Italian Renaissance influence Louis XIV was a Patron of the Arts He reigned for 72 years and 110 days which was the longest of any sovereign he was known as the "Sun King" Baroque Style (1643- 1700) Golden age Regency Style (1700- 1730) Beginning of economy transitional  Rococo Style (1730- 1760) eliminated classical order Uses smaller curves Had oriental influence Neoclassical Style (1760- 1789) Revival of classical architectural orders Use of straight lines Revolution and Directoire (1789- 1804) Transition period Use of Military motifs Use of smaller curves  use of Oriental influence  Empire (1804- 1820) Egyptian motifs Grecian and Roman decorations Restoration Styles (1830-1879) Revivals during the late 18th century drastic decline of good taste French Renaissance Histori...

Historical Setting The 16th Century was the most brilliant era in Spanish history Ferdinand and Isabella sent Columbus on a voyage and found the New World  Successful navigating and traders led to large amounts of gold and silver by the end of the century they were completely bankrupt Influenced by the Moorish, Early Christian, Medieval, and Italian Renaissance Italian Renaissance influenced Spanish and French Italian craftsmen in great demand influence other countries Alhambra, Granada was the last of the Spanish palaces completed before the expulsion of the moor in 1354.  There were numerous courtyards Court of Lions                                                  Court of Pools La Mota Castle Medina del Campo 15th century Castles built by noble Christian families  More castles in Spain than any other European country Built of Concrete walls face...

 Italian Renaissance (1400-1600) Historical settings Renaissance means rebirth  After returning from the Crusades Classical forms refined and adapted for new uses Climate was less of an influence Furnish interiors were Gothic and Romanesque It was first developed in Italy There was a massive shift from religious to a secular emphasis Arts, literature, and architecture were points of emphasis in ancient Rome Client relationships were based on a long-term basis Architects, painters, furniture designers, and sculptors, copied designs from excavations and focused on horizontal and symmetrical design Ancient Roman style and details were added to buildings and were medieval in concept Early emphasis was on the interior architecture, not the furniture The Italian Renaissance palace, or palazzo, took on many Ancient Roman forms and showed the power and influence of prominent families.  The arts Humanism was a big influence on Italian society It was a quest for knowledge including...

China has an architecture that is as old as Chinese civilization. The same system of construction is prevalent throughout much of their history. China has the world's longest continuous civilization of four thousand years and now has the world's largest population.  Some of the Architecture and construction techniques used in Chinese architecture are:  Stupas: Mound of dirt, such as a burial ground, where a more permanent structure is built over the mound. (Prototype birthed in India). The stupa came to China as Buddhism spread. It acknowledged important people in the Buddhist religion.  The Great Wall of China is a fortification built of stone, brick, wood, mud, and earth. It is along the northern border of China and spans 5500-13000 miles long including its watch towers. \ Interiors of both residential and commercial buildings are based on a "courtyard" building style. it is very symmetrical in layout Furniture replaced mats and was light, beautiful, and stable. The...

The Gothic time period took place from 1140 to 1500 World events The 1163 constitution begins at the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris 1180-1192 Third Crusades 1280 Eyeglasses are invented in Italy 1337-1453 One hundred years of war between the French and English 1347 Black Plague begins in Europe  Gothic Society Paris was the center of the Gothic world Churches were the center of city life New rivals between city-states and nations Competition in the construction of cathedrals Knighthood, chivalry, and artisan guilds The Black Plague killed 75 million people which was about a third of the population Religion Religious expression heat of design Popes and immense power Wealth and power in the church  Large numbers required large worship spaces Relics of saints replaced with adoration of the Virgin Mary (Notre Dame) Architecture  Bridge from Romanesque to Renaissance Gothic was birthed from Romanesque Introduction of  pointed arch ribbed vault fly buttress Cathedral...